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  "map_content": "Does the Bitcoin white paper talk about validating nodes?\n- Yes. It uses \u201cnodes\u201d to describe the actors that verify blocks/transactions and only accept valid ones, and (separately) introduces SPV as a lighter, trustier mode:\n  - Section 5 (Network): \u201cNodes accept the block only if all transactions in it are valid and not already spent,\u201d and \u201cnodes express their acceptance by working on the next block.\u201d In the paper, miners are the nodes that both validate and mine.\n  - Section 8 (SPV): Describes verifying without running a full node, notes it\u2019s reliable only if the majority of CPU power is honest, and suggests merchants run full nodes for higher assurance.\n- The paper doesn\u2019t explicitly distinguish today\u2019s terminology of \u201cnon-mining validating nodes,\u201d but the model is consistent: full validation gives stronger assurances than SPV, and SPV\u2019s safety depends on the honest-majority assumption.",
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  "timestamp": "2026-02-09T05:42:28.000Z",
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